tRNA, yRNA, and rRNA fragment excisions do not involve canonical microRNA biogenesis machinery

MicroPubl Biol. 2024 Nov 19:2024:10.17912/micropub.biology.001332. doi: 10.17912/micropub.biology.001332. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

The excision of specific tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), yRNA-derived small RNAs (ysRNAs) and ribosomal RNA-derived small RNAs (rsRNAs) is now well established. Several reports have suggested many of these fragments function much like traditional microRNAs (miRNAs). That said, whereas the expressions of the majority of appreciably expressed miRNAs in HCT116 colon cancer cells are significantly decreased in individual knockouts (KOs) of DROSHA, DGCR8, XPO5, and DICER, on average, only 3.5% of tsRNA, ysRNA, and rsRNA expressions are impaired. Conversely, tsRNA, ysRNA, and rsRNA expressions are significantly increased in each of these KOs as compared to WT. As such, although DICER has been suggested to be involved with the expression of specific tsRNAs, ysRNAs, and rsRNAs, our study finds no evidence supporting the involvement of any of these canonical miRNA biogenesis enzymes in their expressions.

Grants and funding

Funding was provided in part by NSF RAPID 2030080 (GMB) and NSF 2219900 (GMB) grants awarded by the Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, and also by NSF grant 2243532 (GMB) awarded by the Division of Integrative Organismal Systems. The project used an instrument funded, in part, by the National Science Foundation MRI Grant No. CNS-1726069.