Case: A 10-year-old girl with a history of distal femur osteosarcoma underwent resection and limb reconstruction with a cemented custom expandable endoprosthesis. Immediately following stemmed implant insertion, the patient experienced severe cardiopulmonary collapse. Following emergent fluid and oxygen resuscitation by anesthesia, her transient cardiopulmonary instability resolved.
Conclusion: This is the first report describing acute bone cement implantation syndrome in a pediatric patient. This case highlights the importance of vigilance and interdisciplinary communication with anesthesia when inserting cemented implants in pediatric patients.
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