Efficacy of 3D-printed chitosan‑cerium oxide dressings coated with vancomycin-loaded alginate for chronic wounds management

Carbohydr Polym. 2025 Feb 1;349(Pt B):123036. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.123036. Epub 2024 Nov 19.

Abstract

Multifunctional wound dressings with antibacterial and antioxidant properties hold significant promise for treating chronic wounds; however, achieving a balance of these characteristics while maintaining biocompatibility is challenging. To enhance this balance, this study focuses on the design and development of 3D-printed chitosan-matrix composite scaffolds, which are incorporated with varying amounts of cerium oxide nanoparticles (0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt%) and subsequently coated with a vancomycin-loaded alginate layer. The structure, antibiotic drug delivery kinetics, biodegradation, swelling, biocompatibility, antibacterial, antioxidant, and cell migration behaviors of the fabricated dressings were evaluated in-vitro. The findings reveal that all of the formulations demonstrated a robust antibacterial effect against S. aureus bacterial strains in disk diffusion tests. Furthermore, the dressings containing cerium oxide nanoparticles exhibited proper antioxidant capabilities, with over 78.1 % reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging efficiency achieved with 7 % cerium oxide nanoparticles. The sample containing 5 % cerium oxide nanoparticles was identified as the optimal formulation, characterized by the most favorable cell biocompatibility, an ROS scavenging ability of over 73.4 %, and the potential to close the wound bed within 24 h. This study highlights that these dressings are promising for managing chronic wounds by preventing infection and oxidative stress in a correct therapeutic sequence.

Keywords: Additive manufacturing; Enzymatically degradable biopolymers; Hydrogel; Nonhuman-sourced polysaccharides; Tissue regeneration; Wound healing.

MeSH terms

  • Alginates* / chemistry
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents* / chemistry
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents* / pharmacology
  • Antioxidants / chemistry
  • Antioxidants / pharmacology
  • Bandages*
  • Cerium* / chemistry
  • Cerium* / pharmacology
  • Chitosan* / chemistry
  • Humans
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Nanoparticles / chemistry
  • Printing, Three-Dimensional*
  • Staphylococcus aureus* / drug effects
  • Vancomycin* / administration & dosage
  • Vancomycin* / chemistry
  • Vancomycin* / pharmacology
  • Wound Healing* / drug effects

Substances

  • Chitosan
  • Alginates
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Cerium
  • Vancomycin
  • ceric oxide
  • Antioxidants