The effect of platelet-derived growth factor-aa (PDGFA) conjugated with low-molecular-weight protamine (LMWP) on hair loss improvement effect

Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2025 Jan:742:151110. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.151110. Epub 2024 Dec 3.

Abstract

Platelet-derived growth factor-AA (PDGFA) is known to play an important role in hair loss and hair growth by involving in the anagen phase of the hair follicle growth cycle. In this study, we synthesized skin-permeable recombinant low-molecular-weight protamine (LMWP)-conjugated PDGFA (LMWP-PDGFA) by linking LMWP to the N terminus of PDGFA. We evaluated the hair loss improvement effect, wound healing efficacy, and skin permeability of LMWP-PDGFA. LMWP-PDGFA showed higher cell proliferation, cell permeability, 5α-reductase inhibition activity and IGF-1 activity than PDGFA in human hair follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPC). We also found that LMWP-PDGFA increased cell migration and collagen synthesis better than PDGFA. These results indicate that LMWP-PDGFA can be a good candidate as a hair treatment agent with superior cell permeability than PDGFA. Additionally, it is expected that the efficacy of the protein can be maximized by combining LMWP with other functional proteins.

Keywords: Growth factor; LMWP; PDGFA; Permeability; Wound healing.

MeSH terms

  • 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors / chemistry
  • 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Alopecia* / drug therapy
  • Alopecia* / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Cell Movement / drug effects
  • Cell Proliferation* / drug effects
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Collagen / chemistry
  • Collagen / metabolism
  • Hair Follicle* / drug effects
  • Hair Follicle* / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / metabolism
  • Molecular Weight
  • Platelet-Derived Growth Factor* / metabolism
  • Protamines* / chemistry
  • Protamines* / pharmacology
  • Skin / drug effects
  • Skin / metabolism
  • Skin / pathology
  • Wound Healing / drug effects

Substances

  • Platelet-Derived Growth Factor
  • Protamines
  • platelet-derived growth factor A
  • Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
  • 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors
  • Collagen