Kernel random forest with black hole optimization for heart diseases prediction using data fusion

PeerJ Comput Sci. 2024 Nov 29:10:e2364. doi: 10.7717/peerj-cs.2364. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

In recent years, the Internet of Things has played a dominant role in various real-time problems and given solutions via sensor signals. Monitoring the patient health status of Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) facilitates communication between wearable sensor devices and patients through a wireless network. Heart illness is one of the reasons for the increasing death rate in the world. Diagnosing the disease is done by the fusion of multi-sensor device signals. Much research has been done in predicting the disease and treating it correctly. However, the issues are accuracy, consumption time, and inefficiency. To overcome these issues, this paper proposed an efficient algorithm for fusing the multi-sensor signals from wearable sensor devices, classifying the medical signal data and predicting heart disease using the hybrid technique of kernel random forest with the Black Hole Optimization algorithm (KRF-BHO). This KRF-BHO is used for sensor data fusion, while XG-Boost is used to classify echocardiogram images. Accuracy in the training phase with multi-sensor data fusion data set of proposed work KRF-BHO with XGBoost classifier is 94.12%; in the testing phase, the accuracy rate is 95.89%. Similarly, for the Cleveland Dataset, the proposed work KRF-BHO with XGBoost classifier is 95.78%; in the testing phase, the accuracy rate is 96.21%.

Keywords: Black hole optimization algorithm; IoMT; Kernel random forest; Sensor signals.

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University through a large group Research Project under grant number (RGP2/86/45). Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number (PNURSP2024R234), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Researchers Supporting Project number (RSPD2024R787), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. This study is also funded by the Future University in Egypt (FUE). All the external funding or sources of support received during this study. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.