Fabrication and characterization of lactoperoxidase coated the modified graphene oxide-based nanocomposite for medical applications

Abd El Aziz A Nayl; Esmail M El-Fakharany; Ahmed I Abd-Elhamid; Wael A A Arafa; Ahmed Hamad Alanazi; Ismail M Ahmed; Ashraf A Aly; Stefan Bräse

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.138597

Fabrication and characterization of lactoperoxidase coated the modified graphene oxide-based nanocomposite for medical applications

Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Dec 10:288:138597. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.138597. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Abd El Aziz A Nayl¹, Esmail M El-Fakharany², Ahmed I Abd-Elhamid³, Wael A A Arafa⁴, Ahmed Hamad Alanazi⁴, Ismail M Ahmed⁴, Ashraf A Aly⁵, Stefan Bräse⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: [email protected].
² Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute GEBRI, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA city), New Borg El-Arab, Alexandria 21934, Egypt; Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industries Development Centre (PFIDC), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt; Pharos University in Alexandria, Canal El Mahmoudia Street, Beside Green Plaza Complex, 21648, Alexandria, Egypt.
³ Composites and Nanostructured Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg Al-Arab, Alexandria 21934, Egypt.
⁴ Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Organic Division, Minia University, El-Minia 61519, Egypt.
⁶ Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Kaiserstrasse 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 39667452
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.138597

Abstract

This study aims to synthesize an innovative (GO-PAA-Cu-LP) nanocomposite through multi-steps for medical applications. First, graphene oxide (GO) was radically anchored with polyacrylic acid (PAA), subsequently, activation through substituting the H-atom of the carboxylic group in PAA with Na-atom. Afterward, Cu-ions are easily loaded over the activated carboxylated groups to act as a satellite in combination with bovine milk lactoperoxidase (LP). The prepared composites were characterized by various techniques, including SEM, TEM, EDX, FTIR, TGA, and XRD analysis, as well as determination of zeta size and potentials for each composite. The experimental results exhibited the ability of LP in the modified form (GO-PAA-Cu-LP) to keep its stability during storage conditions with activity around 73 % of its original reactivity after storage for 9 weeks at 4 °C. The results revealed the selectivity of GO-PAA-Cu-LP against both treated Caco-2 and Huh-7 cells greater than free GO-PAA-Cu composite and free LP. Therefore, these results indicate that the combination of LP with the modified GO-PAA-Cu composite increased its selectivity against all treated cancer cells. These results indicate that the modified GO-PAA-Cu-LP enhanced cell cycle arrest of treated cancer cells in both sub-G1 phase (apoptotic phase) and S phase compared with untreated cells, stimulating apoptotic mechanism.

Keywords: Antitumor; Copper; Graphene oxide nanocomposite; Lactoperoxidase nanocombination.