Case Report: A Young Woman Diagnosed With Overlap Syndrome of Systemic Sclerosis and Ankylosing Spondylitis

Int J Rheum Dis. 2024 Dec;27(12):e15427. doi: 10.1111/1756-185X.15427.

Abstract

This case report describes a rare occurrence of a 25-year-old female diagnosed with both systemic sclerosis (SSc) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS), two distinct autoimmune diseases. The patient presented with a combination of symptoms, including progressive skin tightening, lumbosacral pain, and Raynaud's phenomenon, which complicated the diagnosis. Despite the challenges posed by the coexistence of SSc and AS, a multidisciplinary treatment approach involving corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and supportive therapies led to significant clinical improvement. Over the course of 3 weeks, the patient's Rodnan Skin Score improved from 18 to 11, and her pain and overall disease activity were markedly reduced. Although skin sclerosis showed substantial improvement, pulmonary involvement remains a concern that requires long-term monitoring. This case highlights the complexities in diagnosing and managing overlap syndromes, emphasizing the need for personalized treatment strategies and further investigation into the underlying genetic and immunological mechanisms.

Keywords: HLA‐B27; ankylosing spondylitis (AS); autoimmune overlap syndrome; case report; systemic sclerosis (SSc).

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Letter

MeSH terms

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones / therapeutic use
  • Adult
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppressive Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Scleroderma, Systemic* / complications
  • Scleroderma, Systemic* / diagnosis
  • Scleroderma, Systemic* / drug therapy
  • Spondylitis, Ankylosing* / complications
  • Spondylitis, Ankylosing* / diagnosis
  • Spondylitis, Ankylosing* / drug therapy
  • Syndrome
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones