α-Klotho regulates mouse embryonic neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation

Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2025 Jan:742:151157. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.151157. Epub 2024 Dec 9.

Abstract

A longevity factor α-Klotho has been shown to be neuroprotective and enhance brain function. However, it has not been elucidated whether α-Klotho is involved in the embryonic brain development. To address this, we investigated whether α-Klotho regulates embryonic neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation. We found that α-Klotho is expressed in the mouse embryonic brain and neural stem cells isolated from the embryonic day 13.5 brains. When α-Klotho was knocked down in the embryonic neural stem cells, basal level of apoptosis increased while proliferation decreased. Overexpression of membrane-bound or secreted form of α-Klotho promoted proliferation of the mouse embryonic neural stem cells. Knockdown of α-Klotho suppressed the phosphorylation of Akt and ERK, suggesting that α-Klotho may promote neural stem cell survival and proliferation by activating signaling pathway involving Akt and ERK. In addition, knockdown of α-Klotho suppressed differentiation of embryonic neural stem cells into neurons or oligodendrocytes but not astrocytes. These results suggest that α-Klotho may have a role in neuronal development by promoting neural stem cell survival, proliferation and differentiation.

Keywords: Hippocampus; Neural stem cell; Neurogenesis; α-Klotho.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis
  • Cell Differentiation*
  • Cell Proliferation*
  • Cell Survival
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Gene Knockdown Techniques
  • Glucuronidase* / genetics
  • Glucuronidase* / metabolism
  • Klotho Proteins* / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells / cytology
  • Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells / metabolism
  • Neural Stem Cells* / cytology
  • Neural Stem Cells* / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism

Substances

  • Klotho Proteins
  • Glucuronidase
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt