Ability of brazilian Bothrops-Lachesis-Crotalus antivenom in neutralizing some biological activities of Crotalus durissus ruruima rattlesnake venom

Emiro G Muniz; Ida S Sano-Martins; Maria das Graças G Saraiva; Evela S Magno; Sâmella S Oliveira

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.108211

Ability of brazilian Bothrops-Lachesis-Crotalus antivenom in neutralizing some biological activities of Crotalus durissus ruruima rattlesnake venom

Toxicon. 2024 Dec 17:254:108211. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.108211. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Emiro G Muniz¹, Ida S Sano-Martins², Maria das Graças G Saraiva³, Evela S Magno³, Sâmella S Oliveira⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado Tropical Medicine Foundation, Manaus, 69040-000, Brazil. Electronic address: [email protected].
² Pathophysiology Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, 05503-900, Brazil.
³ Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado Tropical Medicine Foundation, Manaus, 69040-000, Brazil.
⁴ Teaching and Research Center, Francisca Mendes Heart Hospital Foundation, Manaus, 69097-720, Brazil; Research management, Hospital Foundation of Hematology and Hemotherapy of Amazonas, 69050-001, Brazil. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 39674409
DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.108211

Abstract

We evaluated the efficacy of freeze-dried Bothrops-Lachesis-Crotalus antivenom and liquid Crotalus antivenoms to neutralize Crotalus durissus ruruima (Cdr) venom (Roraima, Brazil) comparing with C. d. terrificus (Cdt) venom. Lethal and phospholipase A₂ activities were similar between both spp. Crotamine was negative and individual Cdr venoms induced hemorrhage in mice. It was lower coagulant than Cdt venom. Only Bothrops-Lachesis-Crotalus antivenom neutralized all biological activities evaluated, suggesting that it could be used in snakebites in this region.

Keywords: Brazilian Amazon; Crotalus durissus ruruima venom; Freeze-dried trivalent antivenom; Liquid Crotalus antivenom.