Enhanced Bioactivity of Streptomycin Bioconjugated Metal Nanoparticles Against Streptomycin Resistant Bacillus Sp

Nishanthi Ramasami; Manikandan Dhayalan; Malathi Selvaraj; Savaas Umar Mohammed Riyaz; Palani Perumal; Santiagu Stephen Irudayaraj; Rajakrishnan Rajagopal; Ahmed Alfarhan; Antony Stalin

doi:10.1007/s12088-024-01234-5

Enhanced Bioactivity of Streptomycin Bioconjugated Metal Nanoparticles Against Streptomycin Resistant Bacillus Sp

Indian J Microbiol. 2024 Dec;64(4):1787-1804. doi: 10.1007/s12088-024-01234-5. Epub 2024 Mar 9.

Authors

Nishanthi Ramasami¹, Manikandan Dhayalan², Malathi Selvaraj³, Savaas Umar Mohammed Riyaz⁴, Palani Perumal⁵, Santiagu Stephen Irudayaraj⁶, Rajakrishnan Rajagopal⁷, Ahmed Alfarhan⁷, Antony Stalin⁸

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biotechnology, College of Science and Humanities, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203 India.
² Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (Saveetha University), Chennai, TamilNadu 600 077 India.
³ Department of Biotechnology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur, Kanchipuram, India.
⁴ PG & Research Department of Biotechnology, Islamiah College (Autonomous), Vaniyambadi, Tamil Nadu 635752 India.
⁵ CAS in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 025 India.
⁶ Department of Zoology, St. Xavier's College, Maharo, Dumka, Jharkhand 814 110 India.
⁷ Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box-2455, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁸ Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610 054 China.

PMID: 39678979
PMCID: PMC11645358 (available on 2025-12-01)
DOI: 10.1007/s12088-024-01234-5

Abstract

The emergence of multidrug resistance in pathogenic organisms has caused growing concern, especially among healthcare providers, necessitating the development of new antimicrobial compounds. Resistance to metal nanoparticles is more challenging for any pathogen and thus paved a new avenue of research to formulate a new line of drugs combined with metal nanoparticles to treat microbial resistance. In this present investigation, green synthesised silver (AgNP), gold (AuNP), and platinum (PtNP) nanoparticles using the rind extract of the fruit of Garcinia mangostana L., were bioconjugated with Streptomycin. Visual colour change in solution was evidenced as the result of bioconjugation process and also significant shift in the UV-Vis spectra was recorded. The antibacterial activity against Streptomycin resistant Bacillus sp., was performed with bare and bioconjugates, AuNP and PtNP did not show any activity whereas their bioconjugates showed 100% activity and MIC was recorded as 0.1067ppm (SAuNP) and 34ppm (SPtNP), SAgNP and AgNP showed antibacterial activity but comparatively higher activity was exhibited by SAgNP. MIC for AgNP and SAgNP was recorded as 0.325 ppm and 0.187 ppm respectively. The results of cell viability test showed that the highest percentage of cell death was recorded with SAuNP treated cells (96%), followed by SPtNP (95.5%), SAgNP (95.4%) and AgNP (92.6%). The hemocompatibility was evaluated using human erythrocytes. No hemolysis was observed with any of the test compounds at their MIC. The results of SEM analysis supported the report as it showed the characteristic biconcave RBC cells with smooth surfaces, strongly suggesting hemocompatibility of the test compounds.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12088-024-01234-5.

Keywords: Antibiotic-resistant; Bioconjugation; Garcinia mangostana L.; Hemocompatibility; Rind extract; Streptomycin.

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