Biomimetic niosomal versus liposomal nanoparticle-based aspirin injection for treating stroke and myocardial infarction

In this work, we are comparing biomimetic niosomal nanoparticles (BNNs) with biomimetic liposomal nanoparticles (BLNs) and studying their drug carrier properties. A-BNNs and A-BLNs are prepared by lipid hydration method and characterized using DLS for size and zeta potential analysis, surface morphology by SEM, structural details by TEM, crystallinity and phase change by XRD, thermodynamic properties by DSC, TGA and DTGA, drug carrier properties by entrapment efficiency, drug release studies by open-end tube method and its mechanistic assessment by fitting with various models such as zero order, first order, Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas models. The A-BNNs had an average size of 157.0 ± 3.58 nm and A-BLNs had an average size of 173 ± 1.24 nm. The A-BNNs had an average zeta potential of -29.0 ± 1.11 mV and A-BLNs had an average zeta potential of -46.5 ± 1.11 mV. The A-BNNs have an average entrapment efficiency of 94 ± 0.4% and A-BLNs have an average entrapment efficiency of 98 ± 0.14%. The BNNs have an average drug release of 78.12 ± 1.57% and A-BLNs have an average release of 98.41 ± 1.87% over 24 hours. Our results show that the vesicular size dependence influences the resulting nanoparticle drug carrier properties. This is a robust demonstration of the phenomena at the nanoscale that the precursor vesicular system size dependency will be reflected in bulk-engineered nanoparticle properties. These novel nanoparticles are potential candidates for development as an injection to suppress clots in stroke and myocardial infarction.