Tumor Seeding With Needle Biopsy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review

Am J Gastroenterol. 2024 Nov 14. doi: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000003210. Online ahead of print.

Abstract

Introduction: Biopsy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may help with selecting appropriate chemotherapy with inconclusive imaging; concern about potential seeding may limit its use.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted to assess the risk of tumor seeding with biopsy of HCC excluding nonliver cancers or seeding after interventions.

Results: A total of 2,339 unique abstracts were identified; 37 studies were included in the final analysis. The rate of tumor seeding was 0.62% (range 0%-7.77%) in 13,959 biopsies performed. The average reported median lengths of follow-up was 35.8 months (range 10.5-60 months).

Discussion: Overall, the risk of tumor seeding with biopsy of HCC is low.