Measles, mumps and rubella vaccination coverage in capitals and interior region municipalities of Northeast Brazil: a household survey in a cohort of children born in 2017 and 2018

Epidemiol Serv Saude. 2024 Dec 16;33(spe2):e20231296. doi: 10.1590/S2237-96222024v33e20231296.especial2.en. eCollection 2024.
[Article in English, Portuguese]

Abstract
in English, Spanish

Objective: To analyze measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination coverage among children up to 24 months old and factors associated with non-vaccination in a 2017-2018 live birth cohort, in state capitals and large interior region cities in Northeast Brazil.

Methods: Population-based survey analyzing vaccination coverage and sociodemographic factors through logistic regression.

Results: For 12,137 children, vaccination coverage was 79.3% (95%CI 76.5;81.8), and the dropout rate was 10.6%. Association with non-vaccination: socioeconomic stratum A (OR-a 1.29; 95%CI 1.10;1.50), living in the interior region (OR-a 1.22; 95%CI 1.07;1.39), no access to the Bolsa Família Program (OR-a 1.19, 95%CI 1.05;1.34), family income ≤BRL 1,000 (OR-a 1.17, 95%CI 1.03;1.31), mother not working (OR-a 1.28, 95%CI 1.15;1.42), >1 child per mother (OR-a 1.12, 95%CI 1.08;1.17), and no vaccination card (OR-a 10.69, 95%CI 6.27;18.20).

Conclusion: Low vaccination coverage and a high dropout rate in state capitals and municipalities in the interior region of Northeast Brazil.

Main results: 79.3% vaccination coverage with incomplete vaccination associated with living in higher socioeconomic strata and in interior region municipalities, and children without vaccination records. High dropout rates in the state capitals Natal and João Pessoa.

Implications for services: Recognition of low coverage and factors associated with non-vaccination provides health services with relevant information with a view to planning strategic actions to increase measles, mumps and rubella vaccination coverage.

Perspectives: Low coverage and identification of non-vaccination indicate the importance of targeting actions in the Brazilian National Health System to achieve the targets recommended by the National Immunization Program, for populations in Northeast Brazil.

Objetivo: Analizar las coberturas de vacunación contra sarampión, paperas y rubéola en niños de hasta 24 meses de edad y los factores asociados a la no vacunación en una cohorte de nacidos vivos en 2017-2018, en capitales y municipios con gran población del interior del Nordeste brasileño.

Métodos: Encuesta nacional poblacional para analizar cobertura vacunal y factores sociodemográficos por regresión logística.

Resultados: En 12.137 niños, cobertura de vacunación del 79,3% (IC95% 76,5;81,8), tasa de deserción del 10,6%. Asociación con no vacunación: estrato socioeconómico A (OR-a 1,29; IC95% 1,10;1,50), vivir en el campo (OR-a 1,22; IC95% 1,07;1,39), no acceder al Programa Bolsa Familia (OR-a 1,19; IC95% 1,05;1,34), ingreso familiar ≤ R$ 1.000,00 (OR-a 1,17; IC95% 1,03;1,31), madre sin trabajo remunerado (OR-a 1,28; IC95% 1,15;1,42), > 1 hijo por madre (OR-a 1,12; IC95% 1,08;1,17), sin carné de vacunación (OR-a 10,69; IC95% 6,27;18,20).

Conclusión: Baja cobertura y alta tasa de abandono en capitales y municipios del interior del Nordeste.

MeSH terms

  • Birth Cohort
  • Brazil
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cities
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunization Programs* / statistics & numerical data
  • Infant
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Measles / epidemiology
  • Measles / prevention & control
  • Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine* / administration & dosage
  • Mumps / prevention & control
  • Rubella / prevention & control
  • Socioeconomic Factors*
  • Vaccination / statistics & numerical data
  • Vaccination Coverage* / statistics & numerical data

Substances

  • Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine

Grants and funding

Brazilian Ministry of Health Department of Science and Technology, via the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, File No. 404131, in relation to the research project entitled “Inquérito de cobertura vacinal nas capitais de 26 Estados, no Distrito Federal e em 12 municípios do interior em crianças nascidas em 2017−2018 residentes em área urbana”. The research funding institutions had no participation in the manuscript writing process nor in the decision to submit it for publication.