Two-dimensional metal-organic frameworks (2D-MOFs) as a carrier for enzyme immobilization: A review on design and bio-applications

In the realm of carriers for enzyme immobilization, the use of MOFs has accelerated owing to their exceptional porosity and stability. Among these, 2D metal-organic frameworks (2D-MOFs) have emerged as promising supports for enzyme immobilization. This review highlights advancements in their synthesis, structural properties, and functional characteristics, focusing on enhancing catalytic performance and stability. Brief insights into computational approaches for optimizing these nanostructures and their catalytic efficiency are provided. The unique synergy between 2D MOF-based nanozymes and enzymes is discussed, showcasing their potential in diverse applications. Challenges in their practical implementation, prospective solutions, and future research directions are also outlined. This review emphasizes the transformative potential of 2D MOFs, focusing on their design and bioapplications and paving the way for innovative and sustainable strategies.