Exploring the Rarity: Clinical insights and histopathological diversity of hybrid desmoplastic-plexiform ameloblastoma

Ameloblastoma represents a rare and locally aggressive odontogenic neoplasm, notable for its histopathological diversity. Among its subtypes, the desmoplastic and plexiform variants are relatively rare, with the hybrid form, encompassing both architectural patterns, representing an even more exceptional entity. This article delineates the clinical, radiological, and histopathological profile of a 45-year-old male presenting with pain persisting over the past month in the right posterior maxillary region. Radiographic imaging displayed a mixed radiolucent-radiopaque lesion with poorly demarcated margins, indicative of an aggressive pathology. Histopathological examination revealed a hybrid ameloblastoma, juxtaposing desmoplastic zones with densely fibrotic stroma and classic plexiform sections with epithelial strands in a reticular configuration. This unique hybrid variant underscores the complexity of ameloblastomas and necessitates comprehensive histopathological assessment, as radiological interpretations may prove insufficient for accurate diagnosis. Such detailed analysis contributes to understanding the biological behavior of this rare form, underscoring the need for heightened clinical awareness and continued investigative focus.