Horseshoe anal fistula is one of the most challenging subtypes of complex anal fistulas, closely related to the failure of anal fistula surgery and postoperative recurrence. Accurate preoperative assessment, correct classification, and appropriate surgical plans are crucial for improving treatment efficacy. This article primarily explores the clinical classification of horseshoe anal fistulas and the applicability of mainstream surgical techniques in different types of horseshoe anal fistulas, focusing on their cure rates, recurrence rates, and fecal continence, to assist surgeons to make reasonable surgical plans when treating horseshoe anal fistulas.
马蹄形肛瘘是复杂性肛瘘中最为棘手的亚型之一，与肛瘘手术失败和术后复发密切相关。术前进行精准的评估和正确的分型，并制定适宜的手术方案，对提高疗效至关重要。本文主要探讨马蹄形肛瘘的临床分型以及主流术式在不同类型马蹄形肛瘘中的适用性，重点关注其治愈率、复发率及对患者肛门功能的影响，以帮助外科医生在治疗马蹄形肛瘘时制定合理的手术方案。.