Implication of serum soluble IL-2 receptor α in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Bing Zhao; Miaomiao Zhang; Shaoguang Liao; Tingwang Jiang; Jie Li; Zaixing Yang

doi:10.1007/s40200-024-01536-x

Implication of serum soluble IL-2 receptor α in type 2 diabetes mellitus

J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2024 Dec 20;24(1):22. doi: 10.1007/s40200-024-01536-x. eCollection 2025 Jun.

Authors

Bing Zhao^#¹, Miaomiao Zhang^#¹, Shaoguang Liao^#^{2

3}, Tingwang Jiang⁴, Jie Li¹, Zaixing Yang¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China.
² Present Address: Department of Radiation Oncology, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
³ Department of Oncology, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Huangyan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China.
⁴ Key Laboratory, Department of Science and Technology, The Second People's Hospital of Changshu, The Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Changshu, Jiangshu China.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 39712341
PMCID: PMC11659525 (available on 2025-12-20)
DOI: 10.1007/s40200-024-01536-x

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the association of serum soluble IL-2 receptor α (sIL-2RA) with T2DM-related characteristics and complications.

Methods: Serum sIL-2RA levels were determined in 156 T2DM patients, and the association with T2DM-related characteristics and complications was evaluated.

Results: Serum sIL-2RA levels were significantly increased in T2DM patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) (median, IQR, 1434.9, 958.1-1896.0, pg/ml), in comparison with those without DKD (median, IQR, 851.2, 660.2-1089.9, pg/ml)(P < 0.001). The ROC analysis revealed good performance of sIL-2RA for identifying DKD, with the areas under the curve of 0.789 (95%CI of 0.711-0.867, P < 0.001). The correlation analyses showed significantly positive correlations of serum sIL-2RA with urea (r = 0.458, P < 0.001), creatinine (r = 0.508, P < 0.001) and uACR (r = 0.469, P < 0.001), and negative correlation with eGFR (r=-0.561, P < 0.001). The multivariate analyses showed that serum sIL-2RA was independently associated with the increased risks of DKD (OR, 95%CI, 6.539, 1.401-30.529, P = 0.017) and DR (OR, 95%CI, 3.606, 1.073-12.114, P = 0.038). Additionally, serum sIL-2RA was significantly associated with inflammatory indicators in DKD patients, and with metablic indicators in non-DKD patients (all P < 0.05).

Conclusion: Serum sIL-2RA may be closely associated with inflammation, glucose and lipid metabolisms, DKD and DR risks in T2DM. Furthermore, it may be a potential biomarker for T2DM-related micro-vascular complications.

Keywords: Diabetic kidney disease; IL-2 receptor; Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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