Incidental finding of duplication of vas deferens in inguinal hernia: a case report of rare anomaly

Duplication of the vas deferens is a rare congenital anomaly, with an incidence of ~0.05% in the general population. It is typically discovered incidentally during surgeries involving the spermatic cord, such as inguinal hernia repair. This case report presents a 33-year-old male who underwent left inguinal hernioplasty, during which duplication of the vas deferens was incidentally identified. The patient had presented with left-sided inguinal swelling, painful testis, and a small left testis. Preoperative ultrasound suggested an inguinal hernia, but the vas deferens anomaly was only detected intraoperatively. The patient successfully underwent hernioplasty without postoperative complications. This case emphasizes the importance of recognizing rare anatomical variations like vas deferens duplication to prevent surgical complications.