Weight loss outcomes and associated factors after metabolic bariatric surgery: Analysis of routine clinical data in Scotland

Beatrice Leyaro; Lyz Howie; Kevin McMahon; Abdulmajid Ali; Raymond Carragher

doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2024.116151

Weight loss outcomes and associated factors after metabolic bariatric surgery: Analysis of routine clinical data in Scotland

Am J Surg. 2024 Dec 17:241:116151. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2024.116151. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Beatrice Leyaro¹, Lyz Howie², Kevin McMahon³, Abdulmajid Ali³, Raymond Carragher⁴

Affiliations

¹ School of Computing, Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of West of Scotland, Scotland, UK; Institute of Public Health: Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Kilimanjaro, Tanzania. Electronic address: [email protected].
² School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Scotland, UK.
³ Department of General & Upper GI Surgery, University Hospital Ayr, Ayr, Scotland, UK.
⁴ School of Computing, Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of West of Scotland, Scotland, UK.

PMID: 39719776
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2024.116151

Abstract

Background: Bariatric surgery is a cornerstone intervention for individuals with severe obesity, offering substantial and sustainable weight loss.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 186 patients with obesity and Type2 diabetes who underwent sleeve gastrectomy (SG) or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) between 2009 and 2020 at University Hospital Ayr. Optimal clinical response weight loss was defined as excess weight loss (%EWL) ≥50 % or total weight loss (%TWL) ≥20 %.

Results: At 2-years post-surgery, 43.6 % achieved ≥50 %EWL, and 44.1 % achieved ≥20%TWL, with 31.8 % maintaining this at 5-years. Depending on the definition used, between 11.2 % and 45.9 % of patients experienced recurrent weight gain. BMI had significant positive association with %TWL but negative with %EWL (p < 0.05). RYGB had significantly higher %TWL compared to SG (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Most patients experienced weight loss which was maintained over time, however recurrent weight gain was noted. Pre-surgery BMI was significantly associated with weight changes.

Keywords: Bariatric surgery; Excess weight loss; Gastric bypass; Sleeve gastrectomy; Total weight loss.