The measurement and insight of bacterial community structure succession in cyanobacteria biochar co-composting based on basic carbon and nitrogen indices

The effects of cyanobacteria biochar (CB) amendment on microbial community succession (MCS) during pig manure co-composting was evaluated. Conventional composting (T1) and different concentrations of CB co-composting were set up here (T2: 2.5% CB, T3: 5% CB, T4: 7.5% CB, T5: 10% CB, and T6: 20% CB). Core substrate indicators and microbial information were used to gain insight into microbial community succession structure (MCSS) by CB treatments. Low concentrations of CB show higher organic degradation rates (2.4% vs 2.2%; and Y = C ∗(1- e^(-k∗^x))), while high concentrations increased the content of TKN (T5: 54.40%). An innovative diversity quantization method (pan-γ-diversity T5:42.275, T1: 40.642, and T2: 34.285) was proposed through linear simulation and integration. CB optimized Bacillus and Thermobacillus were key organic degradation genera during succession (collaborate with Caldicoprobacter) and increased the abundance of important nitrogen fixation genera Chelativorans (Day 42: minimun 4.8 times; and Day 72: minimum 1.3 times) and Longispora (Max 10.0%). The existence of bacteria Caldicoprobacter (2.0-9.3%) on mineralization process showed the synergy and co-assembly effects of CB on MCSS. Moreover, mantel test also shows the assembled and cooperation of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria.