An Unusual Case of Nephrotic Range Proteinuria in a Short-Standing Type 1 Diabetic Patient with Newly Diagnosed Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report and Literature Review

Med Sci (Basel). 2024 Dec 16;12(4):74. doi: 10.3390/medsci12040074.

Abstract

Background: Lupus podocytopathy (LP) is a non-immune complex-mediated glomerular lesion in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), characterized by the diffuse effacement of podocyte processes without immune complex deposition or with only mesangial immune complex deposition. LP is a rare cause of nephrotic syndrome in SLE patients with implications for prognosis and treatment.

Case report: We present the case of a 28-year-old woman with a medical history of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) who presented with lower limb edema, dyspnea, hypercholesterolemia, with nephrotic range proteinuria, without acute kidney injury, and laboratory findings compatible with auto-immune hemolytic anemia. They had negative infectious serology, positive antinuclear antibody (ANA), and an eye fundus examination showing diabetic retinopathy. A biopsy was performed to define the etiology of the renal involvement, which was compatible with LP. Following immuno-suppressive and antiproteinuric therapy, the patient evolved with the complete remission of the nephrotic syndrome.

Conclusions: Lupus podocytopathy is an infrequent anatomopathological entity, so this case is presented as the first reported in Peru, and a literature review is made.

Keywords: lupus podocytopathy; nephrotic syndrome; systemic lupus erythematosus.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1* / complications
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* / complications
  • Nephrotic Syndrome / complications
  • Podocytes / pathology
  • Proteinuria* / etiology

Grants and funding

This research received no external funding.