Association between the triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and type 2 diabetes mellitus in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 28;14(1):31048. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-82116-0.

Abstract

This study evaluated the ability of the triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio to identify individuals at risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) population. We retrospectively studied 4,769 patients with NAFLD from the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University (2020-2023). Binary logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between the TG/HDL-C ratio and lipid parameters with T2DM. TG/HDL-C ratio was positively associated with T2DM in patients with NAFLD, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.72 (95% confidence interval, 2.23-3.31, p < 0.001) for T2DM in the highest TG/HDL-C ratio quartile compared with the lowest one after adjusting for known confounders. The OR for the TG/HDL-C ratio had a stronger predictive value than those of TG, total cholesterol, HDL-C, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, indicating that the TG/HDL-C ratio could be a better discriminator of T2DM. The TG/HDL-C ratio better identifies potential risks of T2DM in individuals with NAFLD than individual lipid parameters. Therefore, clinicians should pay attention to individuals with high TG and low HDL-C levels during T2DM risk assessment in NAFLD cohorts.

Keywords: Insulin resistance; Lipid parameter; Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; TG/HDL-C; Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cholesterol, HDL* / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / complications
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease* / blood
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease* / complications
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease* / epidemiology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Triglycerides* / blood

Substances

  • Triglycerides
  • Cholesterol, HDL