The article reviews the role and functional diversity of B cells in chronic hepatitis B (CHB). B cells play a crucial role in humoral immunity, participating in the clearance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) through antibody production, antigen presentation, and immune regulation. In HBV infection, B cells exhibit antigenic heterogeneity, with immune responses to different HBV antigens varying. Recent findings reveal that in CHB patients, hepatitis B surface antibody-specific B cells are abnormally differentiated, while hepatitis B core antibody-specific B cells maintain relatively intact functions. Moreover, the deficiency in non-antibody-producing functions of B cells may lead to persistent HBV infection. The article provides important insights into the role of B cells in HBV infection and offers a scientific basis for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
文章综述了慢性乙型肝炎（CHB）中B细胞的角色与功能多样性。B细胞在体液免疫中发挥关键作用，通过产生抗体、抗原呈递和免疫调节参与乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）的清除。在HBV感染中，B细胞表现出抗原异质性，针对不同HBV抗原的免疫应答存在差异。近年发现，CHB患者中乙型肝炎表面抗体特异性B细胞分化异常，而乙型肝炎核心抗体特异性B细胞功能相对完整。此外，B细胞的非抗体生成功能缺陷可能导致HBV持续感染。文章为理解B细胞在HBV感染中的作用提供了重要见解，并为开发新的治疗策略提供了科学依据。.