Acute Gastric Necrosis Induced by Caustic Substance Ingestion: A Case Report

Ingestion of caustic substances is a common toxicological emergency, often resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Accidental ingestion of these toxic agents is most prevalent among children, who may encounter household cleaners and other hazardous substances out of curiosity. In contrast, adults often ingest caustic agents in the context of self-harm or suicide attempts. These agents can cause extensive damage to the gastrointestinal tract, leading to serious complications, including perforation, strictures, and systemic toxicity. Both acids and alkalis are particularly dangerous, as they can create irreversible injuries depending on their concentration and duration of exposure. In this report, we detail the case of a middle-aged man who accidentally ingested a corrosive cleaner containing hydrochloric acid. One day post-ingestion, he presented with throat pain and odynophagia, raising immediate concern for possible gastrointestinal injury. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed, which revealed findings indicative of gastric necrosis, confirming the severity of the injury. Unfortunately, the patient lost follow-up after being discharged from the hospital. This case underscores the critical importance of recognizing the type of caustic substance involved in such emergencies and highlights the need for prompt medical intervention. Immediate identification of the ingested material, combined with rapid treatment, is essential to mitigate damage and improve patient outcomes.