The interplay between sex hormones, mitochondrial dysfunction, and intervertebral disc degeneration: insights beyond Qiu et al

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, 5 Fu-Shing Street, Kweishan, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.
• ² School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
• ³ Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, 5 Fu-Shing Street, Kweishan, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan. [email protected].
• ⁴ Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, 5 Fu-Shing Street, Kweishan, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan. [email protected].