Molecular epidemiological analysis of Influenza viruses in Influenza-like illness cases: a retrospective study in Chongqing Hi-Tech Zone, China (2021-2024)

Virol J. 2024 Dec 31;21(1):340. doi: 10.1186/s12985-024-02594-6.

Abstract

Objectives: To analyze the molecular epidemiological characteristics of influenza viruses in influenza-like cases in Chongqing Hi-Tech Zone, China, to provide data support and a scientific basis for optimizing influenza prevention and control strategies in the region.

Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the molecular epidemiological characteristics of influenza viruses in influenza-like cases at a hospital in Chongqing Hi-Tech Zone from 2021 to 2024. Colloidal gold detection of viral antibodies, fluorescent PCR detection of nucleic acids, and gene sequencing were used to identify the different subtypes.

Results: Among 39,986 ILI specimens tested using the immunocolloid gold method, 6,616 influenza viruses were detected, with a detection rate of 16.54%. Infections included 4,464 influenza A viruses (67.50%), 2,033 influenza B viruses (30.73%), and 119 co-infections of influenza A and B viruses (1.77%).In this region, H3N2 was the predominant subtype of influenza A, and Victoria was the main subtype of influenza B.

Conclusion: Influenza epidemics in the winter and spring seasons in Chongqing Hi-Tech Zone were predominantly caused by influenza A, with influenza B also circulating. Influenza A strains were mainly H3N2, while influenza B strains were primarily Victoria.

Keywords: Influenza viruses; Influenza-like illness cases; Molecular epidemiological analysis; Prevention and control.

MeSH terms

  • China / epidemiology
  • Coinfection / epidemiology
  • Coinfection / virology
  • Humans
  • Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype / classification
  • Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype / genetics
  • Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype / isolation & purification
  • Influenza A virus* / classification
  • Influenza A virus* / genetics
  • Influenza A virus* / isolation & purification
  • Influenza B virus* / classification
  • Influenza B virus* / genetics
  • Influenza B virus* / isolation & purification
  • Influenza, Human* / epidemiology
  • Influenza, Human* / virology
  • Molecular Epidemiology
  • Orthomyxoviridae / classification
  • Orthomyxoviridae / genetics
  • Orthomyxoviridae / isolation & purification
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Seasons