Recent Applications of Pillararene-Inspired Water-Soluble Hosts

Pillararenes and their derivatives have emerged in supramolecular chemistry as unique macrocycles for applications in host-guest chemistry, materials science and biomimetics. Many variations have been conceived and synthesized in recent years and in this review, we relate progress in water-soluble versions: leaning towerarenes, extended-pillararenes, biphenarenes, helicarenes and octopusarenes. These are applied in targeted drug delivery, selective uptake and release of aromatic guests, fabrication of gold/silver and mesoporous silica nanoparticles, cell imaging, pollutant separation, biomedicine (e.g. biofilm disruptors, taste masking containers, neuromuscular blockers, antidote for macromolecular biotoxin) and enantioselective recognition. It is intended that this review will be helpful for research in synthetic macrocyclic chemistry and supramolecular functional systems, leading to practical applications in various research areas.