Determinants of outcomes in patients with hepatitis B virus-decompensated cirrhosis

Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 2;15(1):562. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-84413-0.

Abstract

The role of pre-treatment HBV DNA levels on the prognosis of hepatitis B virus-related decompensated cirrhosis is unclear. This study investigated the effects of pre-treatment HBV DNA and other determinants on short-term and long-term survival of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with decompensated cirrhosis. A total of 278 cirrhotic decompensated CHB patients treated with entecavir or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate were retrospectively enrolled. Cox regression models were used to analyze factors associated with all-cause mortality. The median follow-up time was 17 months (IQR2.17-58.94), during which 132 patients (47.4%) either died or underwent liver transplantation. The cumulative incidence of all-cause mortality was 16%, 29%, 34%, 39%, and 51% at the 1-month, 3-month, 6-month, 1-year, and 5-year follow-ups, respectively. Risk factors associated with 3-month all-cause mortality were age, presence of ascites and hepatic encephalopathy, baseline hepatitis flares, pre-treatment HBV DNA levels, and MELD scores. In the subgroup analysis, for 3-month all-cause mortality, significant associations of age, baseline hepatitis flares, and MELD scores with pre-treatment HBV DNA levels were observed (p for interaction were 0.005, 0.032, and 0.030, respectively). Risk factors associated with 5-year all-cause mortality were age, the presence of ascites and hepatic encephalopathy, and MELD scores. Liver functional reserve and age played a critical role in the prognosis of CHB patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Pre-treatment HBV DNA levels had an impact on short-term all-cause mortality, but not on long-term all-cause mortality.

Keywords: Chronic hepatitis B; Decompensated cirrhosis; HBV DNA.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antiviral Agents* / therapeutic use
  • DNA, Viral*
  • Female
  • Guanine / analogs & derivatives
  • Guanine / therapeutic use
  • Hepatitis B virus*
  • Hepatitis B, Chronic* / complications
  • Hepatitis B, Chronic* / drug therapy
  • Hepatitis B, Chronic* / mortality
  • Hepatitis B, Chronic* / virology
  • Humans
  • Liver Cirrhosis* / complications
  • Liver Cirrhosis* / mortality
  • Liver Cirrhosis* / virology
  • Liver Transplantation
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Tenofovir / therapeutic use
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • DNA, Viral
  • Antiviral Agents
  • Tenofovir
  • entecavir
  • Guanine