Comparison of the antibacterial efficacy of 810 nm diode laser and photodynamic therapy in reducing microbial flora in patients with peri-implant mucositis - An in vivo study

J Indian Prosthodont Soc. 2025 Jan 1;25(1):40-45. doi: 10.4103/jips.jips_64_24. Epub 2025 Jan 3.

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the antimicrobial effects of an 810-nanometer diode laser, utilizing or not utilizing toluidine blue as a photosensitizer, in the management of peri-implant mucositis.

Settings and design: The present study was carried out in 30 implant sites in 15 patients with peri-implant mucositis with a specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. 15 sites were treated utilizing a diode laser (control group) and 15 with photodynamic therapy (test group) in a split-mouth format.

Materials and methods: Samples were taken from the gingival sulcus with the help of plastic curettes from control and test sites both at baseline and at 3 months for microbiological analysis.

Statistical analysis used: Shapiro-Wilk Test was used to check deviation from normality. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to analyse the two dependent groups.

Results: Intragroup comparison was found to be statistically significant when compared at baseline and at 3 months in the photodynamic (P = 0.001) and diode laser groups (P = 0.001), respectively. No statistically significant reduction in bacterial count was found at baseline (P = 0.1) and at 3 months (P = 0.5) when the diode laser group and photodynamic group were compared with each other (intergroup).

Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, it can be concluded that there is a definitive reduction in pathogenic bacteria with both interventions and PDT offers clinically visible benefits in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Bacterial Load / drug effects
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lasers, Semiconductor* / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Peri-Implantitis* / drug therapy
  • Peri-Implantitis* / microbiology
  • Peri-Implantitis* / therapy
  • Photochemotherapy* / methods
  • Photosensitizing Agents* / pharmacology
  • Photosensitizing Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Stomatitis / drug therapy
  • Stomatitis / microbiology
  • Stomatitis / therapy
  • Tolonium Chloride* / pharmacology
  • Tolonium Chloride* / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Tolonium Chloride
  • Photosensitizing Agents