Long afterglow hybrid nanoplatform for integrated NIR-Ⅱ imaging diagnosis and triple-synergistic treatment of choroidal melanoma

The key to the treatment of choroidal melanoma (CM) is to improve diagnostic efficiency and find a high-performance treatment to replace the traditional treatment of radiotherapy and enucleation. In this paper, for the first time, long afterglow luminescence material was applied to the integrated diagnosis and treatment of eyes, with its unique advantages in photoluminescence and afterglow luminescence to solve the bottleneck problem of real-time irradiation required for photothermal and photodynamic therapy (PTT and PDT). Based on the excellent photoluminescence and afterglow properties of Zn_1.3Ga_1.4Ge_0.3O₄:Cr_0.004Yb_0.04Er_0.004 (ZGGO) nanoparticles, a nanoplatform ZGGO@Au@UiO-66@ZnPc:Dox-FA (GAUZD-FA) for NIR-Ⅱ imaging and triple-synergistic therapy (PTT, PDT and sustained-release drug) was constructed. GAUZD-FA showed excellent imaging and therapeutic ability for CM in vitro and in vivo under a systematic comparison of NIR imaging detection and anti-tumor activity. In addition, the precise active targeting of folic acid (FA) on tumor cells protected normal tissues from damage and stayed intraocularly for a relatively long time. This multi-functional nanoplatform provides a new strategy for an ideal mode of single injection and multiple treatments of CM.