Factors Associated With the Presence and Severity of Nutritional Impact Symptoms in Individuals With Head and Neck Cancer Before Treatment

Int J Surg Oncol. 2024 Dec 28:2024:3390646. doi: 10.1155/ijso/3390646. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Background: As head and neck cancer (HNC) affects regions directly related to the digestive tract, it is consistently associated with nutritional impact symptoms (NISs), which further reduce food intake and affect nutritional status. Early identification of patients with NIS can assist therapy. Method: This is a cross-sectional study with HNC patients from a cancer reference hospital. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, clinical, and anthropometric data were collected, along with information on nutritional risk screening and screening for NIS. Results: Cancer in the larynx (p=0.031) showed a 6.67 lower NIS score than that in the oral cavity. Ex-smokers (p=0.019) showed a 5.87 lower NIS score and nutritional risk (p=0.009) increased NIS scores by 6.15 points. Conclusion: Tumor location, smoking, and the presence of nutritional risk influence the quantity and severity of NIS.

Keywords: head and neck neoplasms; nutritional status; risk; signs and symptoms.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms* / complications
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms* / therapy
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nutrition Assessment
  • Nutritional Status*
  • Risk Factors
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Smoking / adverse effects