Features of Metabolism and Its Regulation in the Dynamics of Experimental Models of Metabolic Disorders

Bull Exp Biol Med. 2024 Dec;178(2):280-286. doi: 10.1007/s10517-025-06321-1. Epub 2025 Jan 6.

Abstract

Changes in the lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, adipokines, and growth factors during the development of metabolic disorders were studied in three mouse models: C57BL/6 (alimentary obesity), db/db (leptin-resistant obesity), and NOD (diabetes mellitus) lines. In the group of alimentary obesity, moderate fatty infiltration of the liver and hypertrophy of the adipose tissue, hyperglycemia, and increased concentrations of adiponectin, transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), leptin, and cholesterol were detected. In the group of leptin-resistant obesity, multiple pathological changes in tissues, severe hyperglycemia and hyperleptinemia, hyperinsulinemia, and reduced concentrations of triglycerides, adiponectin, myostatin, and TGF-β1 were detected. In NOD mice, reduced number of insulin-positive β cells, hyperinsulinemia, and a decrease in adiponectin, TGF-β1, leptin, and myostatin concentrations were detected.

Keywords: C57BL/6; NOD; db/db; diabetes mellitus; obesity.

MeSH terms

  • Adipokines / metabolism
  • Adiponectin* / metabolism
  • Adipose Tissue / metabolism
  • Adipose Tissue / pathology
  • Animals
  • Cholesterol / blood
  • Cholesterol / metabolism
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Hyperglycemia / metabolism
  • Hyperglycemia / pathology
  • Hyperinsulinism / metabolism
  • Hyperinsulinism / pathology
  • Insulin / blood
  • Insulin / metabolism
  • Leptin* / metabolism
  • Lipid Metabolism
  • Liver / metabolism
  • Liver / pathology
  • Male
  • Metabolic Diseases / metabolism
  • Metabolic Diseases / pathology
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL*
  • Myostatin* / metabolism
  • Obesity* / metabolism
  • Obesity* / pathology
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta1* / genetics
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta1* / metabolism
  • Triglycerides / blood
  • Triglycerides / metabolism

Substances

  • Leptin
  • Adiponectin
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta1
  • Myostatin
  • Triglycerides
  • Cholesterol
  • Insulin
  • Tgfb1 protein, mouse
  • Adipokines