Discovery of new aliphatic metabolites with antibacterial activities from a soil-derived Streptomyces antifungus

Lu Cao; Jiaxuan Guo; Junfeng Tan; Yu Mu; Yi Jiang; Xueshi Huang; Li Han

doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106382

Discovery of new aliphatic metabolites with antibacterial activities from a soil-derived Streptomyces antifungus

Fitoterapia. 2025 Jan 6:181:106382. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106382. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Lu Cao¹, Jiaxuan Guo¹, Junfeng Tan¹, Yu Mu¹, Yi Jiang², Xueshi Huang³, Li Han⁴

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
² Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
³ Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁴ Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; Key Laboratory of Bioresource Research and Development of Liaoning Province, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 39778724
DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106382

Abstract

Fifteen new aliphatic metabolites, 2-methylpyrimidin-4(3H)-ones (1,2), 2-methoxy-2-methyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrol-3-ones (4a/4b, 5a/5b), butyrolactones (6-9), and aliphatic metabolites (16-20) as well as known pyridin-2(1H)-one (3) and butyrolactone analogues (10-15) were obtained from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces antifungus isolated from the forest soil sample collected in Tengchong, China. Pyrimidin-4(3H)-one derivatives (1, 2) with an individual 2-methylpyrimidin-4(3H)-one skeleton is a kind of rarely reported compound and were firstly obtained from natural source. The structures of the new metabolites were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis including data from experimental and calculated ECD spectra as well as Mosher's reagent derivative method. Compounds 1, 2, 18, and 19 exhibited optimal activity against Staphylococcus aureus with MIC values ranged from 12.5 to 50 μg/mL. Further investigation revealed that 1 effectively inhibited biofilm formation and destroyed the preformed biofilm of S. aureus through oxidative damage, thereby exerting antibacterial effect.

Keywords: Aliphatic metabolites; Antibacterial activity; Biofilm formation; Oxidative damage; Streptomyces antifungus.