Utilization and prescription patterns of topical steroids: a study at dessie comprehensive specialized hospital, Ethiopia

Background: Topical steroids are widely used in dermatology for their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects, but misuse can cause skin thinning and systemic issues. In Ethiopia, where skin conditions are common, understanding how topical steroids are prescribed and used is essential for ensuring their safe and effective use.

Objective: The study aimed to assess topical steroids' prescription and utilization pattern in Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (DCSH) from February 1 to May 30, 2024.

Methodology: The study used a descriptive, cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach, analyzing data from 175 patient records on prescription and utilization patterns of topical steroids at DCSH. Participants were selected using a random sampling technique. Data were categorized and analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2010, with findings presented through descriptive statistics, including tables and figures.

Result: Eczematous dermatitis (31.49%) was the most common skin disease observed, followed by dermatophytosis (12.15%). Out of 304 drugs prescribed, averaging 1.73 per prescription, clobetasol (44.4%) and betamethasone (25.0%) were the most common topical corticosteroids. These steroids were primarily prescribed for eczema, dermatitis, pigmentary disorders, psoriasis, urticaria, and lichen planus. The commonly prescribed drugs were topical steroids 108[35.53%]. Generic names were used for 54.63% of the 108 topical steroids prescribed.

Conclusion: The study found that dermatitis and eczema are the most common skin conditions treated in dermatology clinics, with topical steroids being the main treatment. However, many prescriptions lacked details on the application site, treatment duration, and quantity. To improve safety and effectiveness, the study recommends community education, better dermatological services, and increased oversight in professional training.