Independent effect of body fat content on inflammatory biomarkers in children and adolescents: The GENOBOX study

Estela Skapino; Laura Gonzalez-Gayan; Miguel Seral-Cortes; Sergio Sabroso-Lasa; Ma Teresa Llorente-Cereza; Rosaura Leis; Concepción M Aguilera; Mercedes Gil-Campos; Luis A Moreno; Gloria Bueno-Lozano

doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2024.103811

Independent effect of body fat content on inflammatory biomarkers in children and adolescents: The GENOBOX study

Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2024 Nov 30:103811. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.103811. Online ahead of print.

Affiliations

¹ Nutrition School, University of La República, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay; Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address: [email protected].
² Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Lozano Blesa Clinic Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address: [email protected].
³ Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain; Aragon Agrofood Institute (IA2), Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain; Obesity and Nutrition Physiopathology Center (CIBERobn), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁴ Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain; Red-Cancer Biomedical Research Center (CIBERONC), 28029, Madrid, Spain; Applied Data Science and Engineering Group, Polytechnic University School of La Almunia, 50100, Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁵ Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Lozano Blesa Clinic Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁶ Obesity and Nutrition Physiopathology Center (CIBERobn), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Unit of Investigation in Nutrition, Growth and Human Development of Galicia, Department of Pediatrics, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Unit of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁷ Obesity and Nutrition Physiopathology Center (CIBERobn), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", University of Granada, 18010, Granada, Spain. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁸ Obesity and Nutrition Physiopathology Center (CIBERobn), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Maimónides Institute of Biomedicine Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Córdoba, 14004, Córdoba, Spain. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁹ Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain; Aragon Agrofood Institute (IA2), Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain; Obesity and Nutrition Physiopathology Center (CIBERobn), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: [email protected].
¹⁰ Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain; Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Lozano Blesa Clinic Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain; Aragon Agrofood Institute (IA2), Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain; Obesity and Nutrition Physiopathology Center (CIBERobn), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 39809640
DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.103811

Abstract

Background and aims: To assess the relationship between body composition indicators and inflammatory biomarkers in children and adolescents of the GENOBOX study.

Methods and results: Anthropometry data from 264 subjects from the subsample of Zaragoza (Spain) included: weight, height, waist circumference, body mass index and triponderal index. Body composition was determined by Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), obtaining visceral adipose tissue, fat mass index and lean mass index. Age and sex specific z-scores were computed. Simple linear regression models were performed with inflammatory biomarkers (hsCRP, IL8, TNF-α, adiponectin, leptin and resistin) as dependent variables, and each of the body composition indices as independent variables. Prepubertal boys had higher IL8 and resistin values and pubertal girls had higher HOMA-IR and leptin values. hsCPR and leptin were associated with fat mass, both in prepubertals and pubertals, independently of lean mass, and regardless of how body composition was measured. All body composition indices were inversely associated with adiponectin, except for fat mass index in pubertals, but none of them were statistically significant.

Conclusion: A positive association between hsCRP and leptin with all body fat composition parameters, measured by standard nutritional indicators and DXA, was observed in both sexual stages.

Keywords: Adiposity; DXA; Leptin; Prepubertal; Pubertal; hsCPR.