Analysis of polio vaccination status in a cohort of live births in 2017 and 2018 in Brazilian cities: a national vaccination coverage survey

Epidemiol Serv Saude. 2025 Jan 10;33(spe2):e20231303. doi: 10.1590/S2237-96222024v33e20231303.en. eCollection 2025.
[Article in English, Portuguese]

Abstract

Objective: To describe the polio vaccination status in 26 state capitals, the Federal District, and 12 municipalities in Brazil, among children born between 2017 and 2018.

Methods: This was a population-based household survey conducted from 2020 to 2022, which assessed polio vaccination coverage in children, considering valid, administered, and timely doses by municipality.

Results: Data were collected from 37,801 children. Vaccination coverage for the complete valid dose schedule was 87.5% (95%CI 86.2;88.7), dropping to 79.6% (95%CI 78.1;81.0), when the booster dose was considered. The dropout rate was 4.5% for the complete schedule, and 11.7% for the first booster. There was no correlation between campaign implementation and high coverage.

Conclusion: Vaccination coverage for the complete valid dose schedule and the first booster did not meet the 95.0% target. Regional disparities and the association between vaccination coverage and social indicators should be taken into consideration in strategies to increase coverage.

Objetivo: Describir el estado vacunal contra la poliomielitis en 26 capitales estatales, Districto Federal y 12 municipios de Brasil, en niños nacidos en 2017-2018.

Métodos: Encuesta de hogares de 2020 a 2022, en la cual se evaluó la cobertura vacunal contra la poliomielitis, considerando doses válidas, aplicadas y oportunas por municipios.

Resultados: Se recogieron datos de 37.801 niños. La cobertura vacunal del esquema completo de dosis válidas fue 87,5% (IC95% 86,2;88,7), cayendo a 79,6% (IC95% 78,1;81,0), considerando el refuerzo de dosis. La tasa de abandono fue del 4,5% para la pauta completa y del 11,7% para el primer refuerzo. No hubo correlación entre realizar una campaña y una alta cobertura.

Conclusión: La cobertura de vacunación en esquema completo y en primer refuerzo no alcanzó la meta del 95,0%. Las diferencias regionales y la asociación de la cobertura vacunal con indicadores sociales deben considerarse en las estrategias para aumentarla.

MeSH terms

  • Brazil
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cities
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Health Care Surveys
  • Humans
  • Immunization Programs* / statistics & numerical data
  • Immunization Schedule*
  • Immunization, Secondary / statistics & numerical data
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Live Birth / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Poliomyelitis* / epidemiology
  • Poliomyelitis* / prevention & control
  • Poliovirus Vaccines / administration & dosage
  • Vaccination / statistics & numerical data
  • Vaccination Coverage* / statistics & numerical data

Substances

  • Poliovirus Vaccines

Grants and funding

Department of Science and Technology of the Ministry of Health, through the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, process No. 404131.