Probiotic potential of enterococcus lactis in improving egg production and quality in quails during late egg-laying period

This study investigated the probiotic potential of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains isolated from the intestines of quails during the late egg-laying period. Eight LAB strains were examined for their tolerance to acid and bile salts, antibiotic susceptibility, self-aggregation, hydrophobicity, and antibacterial activity. Among these, E. lactis TRM58998 demonstrated the most favorable characteristics, including robust resistance to acid and bile, as well as significant antimicrobial properties. In a 30-day feeding trial, 96 quails (43 weeks old) were divided into two groups: a control group receiving a basal diet and a treatment group supplemented with 1.0 × 10⁸ CFU/g of E. lactis TRM58998. The quails in the probiotic group showed a significant increase in egg production, average egg weight (P < 0.05), and enhanced eggshell quality (P < 0.01). Additionally, the treatment improved antioxidant capacity and stimulated ovarian follicle development, as indicated by elevated follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that E. lactis TRM58998 can effectively enhance quail performance, egg quality, and antioxidant status, underscoring its potential for promoting sustainable practices in quail farming.