A case of surgical treatment combined with interventional therapy for refractory hemodialysis access with catheter-related right atrial thrombosis

This case report describes a surgical treatment combined with interventional therapy for a patient with refractory hemodialysis access combined with catheter-related right atrial thrombosis (CRAT). During surgery, an artificial graft was established from the left brachiocephalic vein to the right atrium and the right atrial thrombus was removed. After the operation, the tunneled cuffed catheter (TCC) was replaced with digital subtraction angiography (DSA). The hemodialysis access issue was addressed for this patient, and the access remained functional for normal hemodialysis during the subsequent 10-month follow-up.