Psychosocial programs to alleviate fertility-related distress in patients with cancer: A mixed-methods systematic review

Purpose: This mixed-methods systematic review aimed to identify the key components of psychosocial programs for fertility-related distress in patients with cancer and integrate the findings from quantitative and qualitative studies.

Methods: A search for relevant studies published between January 2012 and March 2024 was conducted in the PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Review Library databases. Data were synthesized using a sequential descriptive design.

Results: Eight studies were included: six randomized controlled trials (two of which also included qualitative data) and two qualitative studies. The quantitative data found direct effects such as increased fertility-related knowledge, although the results on psychological outcomes such as anxiety and depression were inconsistent. The qualitative findings confirmed patients' ambivalence about facing their fertility issues, increased knowledge for decision-making, and unmet needs such as information overload and a lack of psychological support. For the cognitive-behavioral outcomes, fertility-related concerns were examined in greater depth in the quantitative studies, whereas the qualitative studies focused more on empowerment.

Conclusion: This review emphasizes the need for the careful design of psychosocial interventions to prevent negative emotional impacts while supporting the long-term self-management of fertility-related issues. Tailoring these interventions to meet the specific needs of patients is essential for improving psychosocial outcomes.