The Impact of a Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-infused Nano-Bone Material Combined With Traditional Chinese Medicine Carthamus tinctorius on the Repair of Oral Bone Defects

Background: The role of human bone morphogenetic protein-infused in combination with traditional Chinese medicine Carthamus tinctorius in repairing oral bone defects (OBD) was evaluated in this work.

Methods: An experiment was conducted on a rat OBD model, where rats were randomly rolled into Groups A, B, and C based on their different treatments. Micro-CT was utilized to measure jaw bone volume fraction (BV/TV) and bone mineral density (BMD) in rats, while a biomechanical testing machine assessed compressive strength of the jaw bone. Cell culture technique was employed to measure the osteoblast proliferation rate (PR), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was utilized to detect levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin (IL)-6 in the serum.

Result: Rats in Groups B and C showed higher jaw bone BV/TV, BMD, compressive strength, osteoblast PR, ALP, and OCN, demonstrating no great differences with Group A (P > .05). TNF-α and IL-6 in Groups B and C were lower in comparison with those in Group A (P > .05). Notably, Groups B and C exhibited statistically obvious differences in jaw bone BV/TV, BMD, osteoblast PR, ALP, OCN, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels (P > .05).

Conclusion: The combined application of human bone morphogenetic protein-infused and traditional Chinese medicine C. tinctorius demonstrated positive effects on repair of OBD, reducing inflammatory response and promoting bone tissue repair and formation, thus effectively treating OBD.