Vaping among young adults in Singapore: a qualitative study of motivations, challenges and antivaping intervention perceptions

Introduction: The increasing use of electronic cigarettes among young adults in Southeast Asia is concerning. This study explores the motivations and challenges faced by young adults in quitting vaping and their perceptions of current public health messages and interventions in Singapore, which has stringent antivaping laws and active public health campaigns.

Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted involving in-depth interviews with 15 participants aged 18-35. Thematic analysis was performed by two independent researchers trained in qualitative methods.

Results: Participants identified negative health outcomes and legal risks as major motivations for quitting vaping. Challenges included nicotine addiction, psychological dependency and entrenched vaping routines. The study revealed general scepticism towards current antivaping messages, which were seen as too generic and lacking credibility. Participants recommended that public health messages be more specific, transparent and engaging, incorporating independent research and visual aids to highlight vaping risks. They also suggested regulating e-cigarette sales instead of implementing blanket bans, ensuring anonymity for those seeking help and providing comprehensive nicotine cessation support. Additionally, the use of real-life testimonials and influencers was proposed to improve message relatability and effectiveness.

Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the motivations and barriers of quitting vaping among young adults. Enhancing the transparency and specificity of antivaping messages, along with more tailored and supportive interventions, could increase their effectiveness and offer guidance for other Southeast Asian countries facing similar issues.