Pathological Features and Differential Efficacy of Cisplatin-Based Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Lung Cancer Harboring Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutations

Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2025;31(1). doi: 10.5761/atcs.oa.24-00149.

Abstract

Purpose: We aimed to elucidate the efficacy of conventional cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with lung cancers harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 110 patients (EGFR mutation group: n = 51; EGFR wild-type group: n = 59) receiving cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy following complete resection of non-small-cell non-squamous-cell lung cancer (2010-2021). Clinicopathological characteristics, recurrence-free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS) were investigated.

Results: The pStage distribution was not statistically different. The EGFR mutation group was characterized by more advanced pN, papillary predominance, and presence of micropapillary components, whereas the EGFR wild-type group exhibited more advanced pT and solid predominant patterns. The median RFS was significantly worse in the EGFR mutation group (23.0 vs. 76.1 months, p = 0.017). Nevertheless, the median OS was not significantly different (85.6 months vs. not reached, p = 0.151). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that EGFR mutation and lymphatic invasion were significant risk factors in RFS; however, no independent factors were identified in OS.

Conclusions: Cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy might be less effective in patients with EGFR-mutated lung cancer. The style of progression and histological pattern related with EGFR mutation may be associated with the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy and poor RFS.

Keywords: EGFR mutation; EGFR-TKI; adjuvant chemotherapy; lung cancer; surgery.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* / drug therapy
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* / genetics
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* / pathology
  • Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Cisplatin*
  • ErbB Receptors* / genetics
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Lung Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Lung Neoplasms* / mortality
  • Lung Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mutation*
  • Pneumonectomy* / mortality
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • ErbB Receptors
  • Cisplatin
  • EGFR protein, human
  • Antineoplastic Agents