Gallic acid-grafted chitosan photothermal hydrogels functionalized with mineralized copper-sericin nanoparticles for MRSA-infected wound management

Carbohydr Polym. 2025 Mar 15:352:123179. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.123179. Epub 2024 Dec 22.

Abstract

The management of wounds infected with drug-resistant bacteria represents a significant challenge to public health globally. Nanotechnology-functionalized photothermal hydrogel with good thermal stability, biocompatibility and tissue adhesion exhibits great potential in treating these infected wounds. Herein, a novel photothermal hydrogel (mCS-Cu-Ser1) was prepared through in situ mineralization in the hydrogel networks and ion cross-linking driven by copper ions (∼3 mM). Self-assembling polyphosphate sericin nanoparticles (Ser NPs) formed by an ultrasound-assisted anti-solvent method were as mineralization templates and gallic acid-grafted chitosan (mCS) was prepared as the sole matrix. Grafting of polyphenols and cross-linking of copper ions endowed mCS-Cu-Ser1 with injectable, skin-adhesive and self-healing characteristics. Due to the nonradiative relaxation of Cu2+ electron-hole pairs of copper phosphate on the surface of Ser NPs and the molecular thermo-vibrational effect of the mCS-Cu complex, mCS-Cu-Ser1 rapidly warmed up to 50 °C within one minute under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation. Integrating such excellent photothermal properties with antimicrobial activity and intracellular reactive oxygen species scavenging from mCS, mCS-Cu-Ser1 + NIR effectively accelerated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infected wound healing. This work develops a novel dressing for the treatment of MRSA-infected wounds and provides some reference for the preparation of multifunctional acid-free chitosan hydrogels.

Keywords: Copper ions; Cross-linking; Gallic acid-grafted chitosan; Intracellular ROS scavenging; Mineralization; Photothermal hydrogel.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents* / chemistry
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents* / pharmacology
  • Chitosan* / chemistry
  • Chitosan* / pharmacology
  • Copper* / chemistry
  • Copper* / pharmacology
  • Gallic Acid* / chemistry
  • Gallic Acid* / pharmacology
  • Hydrogels* / chemistry
  • Hydrogels* / pharmacology
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus* / drug effects
  • Mice
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Nanoparticles* / chemistry
  • Polyphosphates / chemistry
  • Polyphosphates / pharmacology
  • Staphylococcal Infections / drug therapy
  • Wound Healing* / drug effects
  • Wound Infection / drug therapy
  • Wound Infection / microbiology

Substances

  • Chitosan
  • Copper
  • Gallic Acid
  • Hydrogels
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Polyphosphates