Pseudoprogression in CAR-T cell therapy for solid tumor: Case report

Xuan Zhao; Yanfen Liu; Guohui Qin; Yan Ge; Qinglong Li; Xinfeng Chen; Ximei Tian; Yong Yu; Jiangtao Ren; Yi Zhang

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1504104

Pseudoprogression in CAR-T cell therapy for solid tumor: Case report

Front Immunol. 2025 Jan 8:15:1504104. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1504104. eCollection 2024.

Authors

Xuan Zhao^#^{1

2}, Yanfen Liu^#^{1

2}, Guohui Qin^#^{1

2}, Yan Ge^#¹, Qinglong Li³, Xinfeng Chen^{1

2}, Ximei Tian¹, Yong Yu⁴, Jiangtao Ren⁴, Yi Zhang^{1

2

5

6

7}

Affiliations

¹ Biotherapy Center & Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
² State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
³ Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
⁴ Medical Department, Nanjing Bioheng Biotech Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China.
⁵ Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
⁶ School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
⁷ School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

We reported the pseudoprogression in an elderly patient with advanced gastric cancer after chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy. The hepatic metastases enlarged 1 month after CAR-T cell infusion and then shrunk the next month as seen through computed tomography scanning. Based on a comprehensive evaluation that includes imaging, pathology, serum tumor markers, and clinical symptoms, we arrived at a diagnosis of pseudoprogression after CAR-T cell therapy, which has not been reported in previous studies. In this report, we provide detailed descriptions of the patient's clinical presentation, imaging findings, treatment process, and follow-up outcomes. We believe that this case holds important implications for CAR-T cell therapy research and offers valuable insights for clinical practice.

Keywords: CAR-T cell therapy; cellular immunotherapy; evaluation of therapeutic efficacy; gastric cancer; pseudoprogression.

Publication types

Case Reports

MeSH terms

Aged
Disease Progression*
Female
Humans
Immunotherapy, Adoptive* / methods
Liver Neoplasms / immunology
Liver Neoplasms / therapy
Male
Receptors, Chimeric Antigen / genetics
Receptors, Chimeric Antigen / immunology
Receptors, Chimeric Antigen / metabolism
Stomach Neoplasms* / immunology
Stomach Neoplasms* / therapy
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Treatment Outcome

Substances

Receptors, Chimeric Antigen

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This study was supported by the National Key R&D Program: Intergovernmental International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Project (Grant no. 2022YFE0141000) and the Healthy Talents Project of Henan Province (YXKC2021035). The funding sources played a role in providing financial support for the research and also participated in date collection. We would like to clarify that we have not been paid to write this article by any pharmaceutical company or other agency.