The roles of STAT1, CASP8, and MYD88 in the care of ischemic stroke

Medicine (Baltimore). 2025 Jan 24;104(4):e41396. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000041396.

Abstract

Ischemic stroke is caused by blockage of blood vessels in brain, affecting normal function. The roles of Signal Transformer and Activator of Transcription 1 (STAT1), CASP8, and MYD88 in ischemic stroke and its care are unclear. The ischemic stroke datasets GSE16561 and GSE180470 were found from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Batch effect removal, finding differentially expressed genes (DEGs), weighted gene co-expression network analysis, protein-protein interaction analysis, functional enrichment analysis, immune infiltration analysis, comparative toxicogenomics database analysis were carried out. Gene expression heat maps were drawn, and miRNAs were found that regulate core DEGs. A total of 1183 DEGs were obtained, which were mainly concentrated in immune effector processes, cell activation, and protein serine/threonine kinase activity, the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway, and P53 signaling pathway. Four core genes were identified. Heatmap revealed high expression of (CASP8, MYD88, and STAT1) in whole blood samples of ischemic stroke. Comparative toxicogenomics database analysis demonstrated (CASP8, MYD88, and STAT1) are related to cerebral hemorrhage, reperfusion injury, hypertension, and inflammation. In ischemic stroke, expression of STAT1, CASP8, and MYD88 is higher and leads to poorer prognosis.

MeSH terms

  • Caspase 8* / genetics
  • Caspase 8* / metabolism
  • Databases, Genetic
  • Gene Expression Profiling
  • Humans
  • Ischemic Stroke* / genetics
  • Ischemic Stroke* / metabolism
  • MicroRNAs / genetics
  • MicroRNAs / metabolism
  • Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88* / genetics
  • Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88* / metabolism
  • Protein Interaction Maps / genetics
  • STAT1 Transcription Factor* / genetics
  • STAT1 Transcription Factor* / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction / genetics

Substances

  • Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88
  • STAT1 Transcription Factor
  • Caspase 8
  • STAT1 protein, human
  • MYD88 protein, human
  • CASP8 protein, human
  • MicroRNAs