Predictive value of preoperative pan-immune-inflammation value index in the prognosis of oral cancer patients undergoing radical resection

BMC Oral Health. 2025 Jan 24;25(1):132. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-05477-6.

Abstract

Background: To evaluate the prognostic role of the preoperative pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) index in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) after undergoing radical resection and to develop a prognostic prediction model for these patients.

Methods: A large cohort study was conducted between January 2015 and March 2022. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression was used to assess the prognostic value of PIV, and propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was used to adjust for potential confounders. Randomized survival forest (RSF) was used to assess the relative importance of preoperative PIV in prognostic prediction. Finally, a Nomogram model was plotted to predict the prognosis of oral cancer patients.

Results: A total of 779 patients were enrolled and followed up (mean follow-up time 34.14 ± 24.39). High PIV was significantly associated with worse survival in OSCC patients (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.62, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15-2.29, P = 0.006). The same trend was observed in PSM (HR = 1.55,95% CI: 1.03-2.23, P = 0.035). RSF showed that PIV ranked third in the importance ranking of all prognostic factors. The calibration curves indicated that the Nomogram model was superior in predicting the prognostic 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival of oral cancer patients.

Conclusions: PIV is an independent predictor of prognosis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma, and a column-line graphical model based on PIV can effectively predict prognosis.

Keywords: Nomogram; Oral squamous cell carcinoma; PIV; Prognosis.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / surgery
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Inflammation*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mouth Neoplasms* / immunology
  • Mouth Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Mouth Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Nomograms*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Preoperative Period
  • Prognosis
  • Propensity Score