Human leukocyte interferon preparation (HuIFN-alpha LE) was given to the patients with cancer or with chronic hepatitis. Spontaneous tumor cell growth inhibition by human peripheral lymphocytes (STGI) and NK activity were enhanced by the systemic administration of HuIFN-alpha LE, although there were differences in the kinetics between the two activities after one time administration or by the repeated administration. This suggests that IFN acts indirectly on the tumor cells by the medium of normal lymphocytes or NK cells, and that tumor cell growth inhibition is different from NK activity.