Changes in the gonadotropin-binding sites in plasma membranes and several intracellular organelles of bovine corpora lutea of days 3, 13 and 19 of the cycle were investigated. These three times represent periods of rapid luteal growth (early luteal phase), maturity (mid luteal phase) and the onset of regression (late luteal phase), respectively. The 5'-nucleotidase activity was highest in the fraction possessing a predominance of plasma membranes. It was undetectable in nuclear fractions and detectable to a varying extent in fractions enriched with mitochondria-lysosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi. The gonadotropin-binding sites, as measured by 125I-human choriogonadotropin (hCG) specific binding, were found in all the subcellular organelles. Whereas the affinities remained about the same, the total number of available gonadotropin-binding sites in all the organelles increased from day 3 to 13 and then declined by day 19 of the cycle. Occupancy of binding sites by endogenous luteinizing hormone was not detectable and therefore was unlikely to be responsible for the changes in total number of available binding sites. Thus, binding site changes observed in all the organelles of early, mid and late luteal phase corpora lutea probably reflect actual changes in the steady-state turnover of binding sites. Morphometrically determined relative membrane counts of various subcellular organelles varied with the luteal phase. The relative total gonadotropin-binding sites, calculated from the relative membrane counts and the total number of available binding sites, increased in all the organelles from early to mid and then declined by late luteal phase. Plasma membranes of all three luteal phases contained greater relative total gonadotropin-binding sites than any other single intracellular organelle. However, all the intracellular organelles combined contained 59% of the total luteal cell gonadotropin-binding sites in early luteal phase which decreased to 43 and 28% by mid and late luteal phases respectively.