Authors report the indications of surgical treatment of tuberculosis. At present undoubtedly these indications so diminished that now they are only the following: rare stabilized results; adenobronchial syndromes with their complications; indications of rescue in drug-resistant lesions; operations in subjects with results of treatments made in pre-antibiotic time; presence of rigid cavities. The surgery of tuberculosis has become more and more unusual, but in spite of that this surgery is complicated for the surgeon operates an inflammatory tissue with solid adhesions on the blood-vessels and on the near structures.