Two useful methods for the exact volumetric measurement of the neurocranium are introduced. Using these methods in a transversal study, mean ratio and range for normal boys and girls from birth to six months can be defined. Longitudinal studies and comparative literature research confirm the accuracy of these standard values. The application to pathological cases shows that hypogenesis of the neurocranium can be recognized earlier and more accurately by measuring the volume than by measuring the circumference of the head. Both methods are easy to apply and can be expected of every child. However, method B (dipping in the neurocranium and measuring the displaced water on a scale) has proved to be more accurate, simpler and faster.